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''Ville du Havre'' was a French iron steamship that operated round trips between the northern coast of France and New York. Launched in November 1865 under her original name of ''Napoléon III'', she was converted from a paddle steamer to single propeller propulsion in 1871 and, in recognition of the recent defeat of her imperial namesake, the Emperor Napoleon III, was renamed ''Ville du Havre''.〔 In the early hours of 22 November 1873, ''Ville du Havre'' collided with the Scottish three-masted iron clipper, ''Loch Earn'' and sank in 12 minutes with the loss of 226 lives.〔 Only 61 passengers and 26 crew members survived, rescued by ''Loch Earn'' and subsequently, an American vessel, the ''Tremountain''.〔〔 == History and description == The ''Napoleon III'' was originally built as a paddle steamer by Thames Ironworks, London (engines by Ravenshill & Salked, London) in late 1865 for the Compagnie Generale Transatlantique (French Line). She was a 3,950 gross ton ship, length 365.9ft with 45.9ft beam, straight stem, two funnels, two masts, iron construction, paddle wheel propulsion and a cruising speed of 11.5 knots.〔Wolcott, Oliver (1994). ''A sad tale that must be told: Madeleine Curtis Mixter's account of the loss of the Ville du Havre''. American Neptune. Vol. 57, No. 3. 〕 There was accommodation for 170 first class, 100 second class and 50 third class passengers. Launched in November 1865, she sailed on her maiden voyage from Havre for Brest and New York on 26 April 1866. She made five round voyages on this service, the last commencing in August 1869.〔 In September 1871, she sailed from Havre to Tyneside in Northern England where she was lengthened to 421.7ft by A. Leslie and Company, Hebburn-on-Tyne and her tonnage increased to 5,065 tons. She was also fitted with compound steam engines and rebuilt with single screw propulsion, and the paddle wheels were removed. A third mast was also fitted and after completion of the works she was renamed ''Ville du Havre''. Following sea trials, she recommenced her Havre – Brest – New York service in early 1873.〔Neider, Charles (2000). (''Great shipwrecks and castaways'' ). Cooper Square Press, New York. . ISBN 0-8154-1094-8.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SS Ville du Havre」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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